Science, Art, And The Drama.

Science , Art , and the Drama .

HISTORICAL PHRASES .

( Continued ]) . Who that is an Englishman does not know the immortal signal to the fleet on the eve of the battle of Trafalgar ? ' * England expects every man to do his duty . " According to the Dispatches and Letters this was not the original form of the message . " England confides that every man shall An his duty " was the signal intended by Nelson . His flag officer pointed

out to him that " confides " would require to be spelled out , not being in the vocabulary , and suggested " expects , " which was . Nelson at once agreed to the change . We are indebted to Cromwell for one of the best known say ings in our English history—that connected with the Dissolution of the Long Parliament . On the fateful day , at the conclusion of a long soeech in which he ( figuratively ) blew up the Parliament , Cromwell called

in 20 or 30 musketeers , and expelled the members . Turning to the table , his eye fell upon the symbol of sovereignty of Parliament , the mace . Lifting it up he said , scornfully , " What shall we do with this bauble ? Take it away ! " He gave it to one of his officers , and what became of it is one of the mysteries of English history . Equally well-known is Cromwell ' s advice to his troops as they were about to cross a river to engage

the enemy . Having made one of his speeches , a fatal facility with him , he finished up , " Put your trust in God , but be sure to see that your powder is dry . " There is surely something truly Cromwellian in such a happy combination of piety and practical advice . A fit companion to the above is the prayer of Leopold , Prince of Anhalt-Dessau , the " Old Dessauer , " a general under Prince Eugene and Frederick the Great . Before an

engagement he would reverently take off his hat and pray , " Oh , God , assist our side ; at least avoid assisting the enemy , and leave the result to me . " Frederick the Great was the author of many sayings . One of his bright and most forcible was when he shouted to his wavering troops , at the battle of Kolin , "Dogs , would ye live for ever ?"—an address not quite calculated , we should think , to inspire his troops with fresh courage .

Carlyle , the iconoclast of good sayings , does not believe in this tradition . Among less known sayings is one of Charles XII . of Sweden , "Tht Madman of the North . " During one of his Quixotic wars , in which he had been a long time absent from Sweden , an urgent and earnest message came to him from the land he was supposed to rule over , asking him to come back and govern his country . But all the satisfaction his anxious

subjects got was , " I'll send one of my boots to govern them . " It was Oxenstiern , the Chancellor of Gustavus Adolphus , who said to his son , " You know not , my son , with how little wisdom the world is governed . " The proverbial " Non possumus " of the Papacy was originally the reply quoted from 4 th Acts , 20 , of Pope Clement , to the demand of Henry VIII . in the divorce controversy . That sapient monarch , James I ., " the wisest fool in

Christendom , " had many wise and witty sayings , although none of them has gained much historical celebrity . Perhaps , one of the most characteristic , of those attributed to him , illustrates the grievous troubles and annoyances to which the Commons subjected him . One day his horse was very unruly and the King ' s wrath at last found vent in the tirade , " The deil i ' my soul , sirrah , an ye be not quiet , I'll send you to the five hundred kings in the House of

Commons , they'll quickly tame ye ! " Sir Robert Walpole vehemently opposed the Spanish War in 1739 . When he heard the London bells ring upon the declaration of war , he remarked , " They may ring their bells now ; before long they will be wringing their hands . " Not strictly accurate , as it turned out ; but an indifferent prophecy may , perhaps , be pardoned for the sake of a good pun . There are not many who do not know the story of Sir

Isaac Newton and his little dog , Diamond . The dog , in frolicking about , upset a lighted taper upon some papers , setting fire to them , and destroying the labour of years . " Oh Diamond , Diamond I little do you know the mischief you have done me ! " was the philosopher ' s only comment . Sir David Brewster denies this story , and says that Newton never had any connection with dogs or cats . One of the briefest despatches was that of

Sir Charles Napier , announcing the victory of Hyderabad , in 1843 , a f ' he had entered upon the war , without official sanction . " Peccavi" ( I have Scinde ( sinned ) . " It is magnificent , but it is not war , " was the exclamation of General Bosquet , one of the French Generals of division , on witnessing the immortal charge of the Light Brigade , at Balaklava . The remark will be for ever associated with the brilliant , but disastrous charge .

Scottish history affords us a few well-known phrases . Just before Robert the Bruce began his memorable struggle for Scottish independence , he was one day in conference with John Comyn , a claimant for the Scottish Crown . He accused Comyn of betraying his designs to Edward I . " You lie , " said Comyn . Bruce enraged , drew his dagger and stabbed him , but shocked at what he had done , he rushed out of the church where they were , and

cried " I doubt I have slain the Red Comyn ! " " You doubt , " said Kirkpatrick , of Closeburn , one of his followers , " I maksiccur" ( I make sure ); and , running in , finished the deed . The Kirkpatricks have , from that day , adopted the words as their motto . "Oh ! for an hour of Dundee ! " was the cry of Gordon , of Glenbucket , at the battle of Sheriff muir , when the Jacobites were hard pressed by the Royalist forces . This wish has been

echoed , with the difference of another name , for that of the redoubtable Viscount in many a battle since . During the war of Dutch Independence , under the leadership of William , Prince of Holland , the Duke of Buckingham , who thought that the United Provinces were doomed to inevitable destruction , asked William whether he did not see that the Commonwealth was ruined . " There is one certain means , " answered the Prince , "by which I

can be sure never to see the ruin of my country—I will die in the last ditch ! " During the battle of Buena-Vista , fought in the war between the United states and Mexico , the United States infantry were at one time overwhelmed by numbers of the enemy . At the critical moment , Captain ( afterwards general ) Bragg ' s artillery was ordered up to its support , and one discharge " " r ^ ma ( * ^ Mexicans waver . General Taylor , seeing ( his , shouted A little more grape , Captain Bragg ! "' The Mexicans got it to such purthat

pose they fled in disorder . It was on his being re-nominated to the presidency during the Civil War , that Lincoln quoted from a Dutch farmer . He said the unforgettable saying— " that it is best not to swap horses in rossing a stream . ' Stonewall Jackson received his soubriquet from General uarnard Ree ' s exclamation during the battle of Bull Run , " See , there is Em standing like a stone wall—rally on the Virginians I " The phr 6 r 0 r ^ 'cholas of Russia was the author of one of the most notorious Fases- —perhaps the most notorious , in a political sense—which 19 th century has heard , In the beginning of 1853 he

Science, Art, And The Drama.

had several conversations with the English Ambassador , Sir E . H . Seymour , in regard to the then probable dissolution of the Turkish Empire . In one of these he said "We have on our hands a sick man , a very sick man . It will be a great misfortune if he should slip away from us before the necessary arrangements have been made . " To divide the spoil he meant . The result of his making these arrangements on his own account

is well known . The phrase , however , was not . altogether original . The ; ambassador of James II . at Constantinople wrote that the Ottoman Empire had " the body of a sick old man , who tried to appear healthy , although his end was near . " Every one knows Stanley ' s greeting to Livingstone when he " found " him . " Dr . Livingstone , I presume ? " This laconic salutation was , however , rendered politic by the fact that any show of emotion would have been looked upon by the Arabs and negroes present as a sign

of weak-mindedness or inferiority . It was Olhvier , Napoleon III . ' s constitutional minister , who plunged into the disastrous war of 1870 " with a light heart . " And though the phrase "blood and iron" is as old as Cjuintilian , it was Bismarck who made it an historical phrase , for what he regarded as the sole cure for Germany ' s political troubles . In conclusion , a famous reply of Plato ' s may be given . When asked if any saying of his would be recorded , he said " Wait until we become famous , then there will be many . "

Painters And Other Artists In The Reign Of James I.

PAINTERS AND OTHER ARTISTS IN THE REIGN OF JAMES I .

( Continued . ) Daniel Mytens ( the Elder ) , of 'The Hague , was an admired painter in the reigns of King James and King Charles . He had certainly studied the works of Rubens before his coming over ; his landscape in the backgrounds of his portraits is evidently in the style of that school , and some of his works have been taken for Vandycks . The date of his arrival is not certain ; probably it was in hopes of succeeding Van Somer : but though

he drew several of the Court , he was not formally employed as the King ' s painter till the reign of Charles I . In the minute of the docket warrant for this are these words—The office of one of his majesty ' s picture drawers -in ordinary , with the fee of £ 20 per annum , granted to Daniel Mytens during his life . Subscribed by order from the Lord Chamberlain . Procured by Mr . Endimyon Porter , 30 th May , 1625 . There is also the

following docket warrant : 31 st July , 1626 . —A warrant to the exchequer to pay unto Daniel Mytens , his Majesty ' s picturer , the sum of ^ 125 for divers pictures , by him delivered to sundry persons , by his Majesty ' s special direction . By order of the Lord Chamberlain of his Majesty ' s household , procured by the Lord Conway . At Hampton Court are several whole lengths of princes and princesses of the house of Brunswick-Lunenburgh .

and the portrait of Charles Howard , Earl of Nottingham at Kensington is Myten ' s own head . At Knole , Lionel Cranfield , Earl of Middlesex , lord treasurer , with his white staff , whole length . A small bell on the table has these letters D . M . F . 1623 . This date , 1623 , is sufficient to prove that he was then in England . That none of his works remaining here were painted after 1630 , is by no means ascertained . If his jealousy of Vandvck ' s

reception by the King were the cause of his departure , it could not have taken p lace before 1632 . But it is said that he yielded to the Royal entreaties to prolong his residence . He probably did not re-establish himself at the Hague before 1634 . It was more common for him to paint a slip of paper on his pictures inscribed only with the names or titles of the persons represented . At Lady Elizabeth Germayn ' s , at Drayton , is a very fine whole length of Henry Rich , Earl of Holland , in a striped habit , with a

walking stick . At St . James ' s , is Jeffery Hudson , the dwarf , holding a dog by the string , in a landscape , coloured warmly and freely like Snyder or Rubens . There is a repetition of this p icture at Holy rood House . In anotherpicture , formerly at St . James ' s , he is drawn as walking under tall trees . His portrait is at Wentworth Castle , and in the large p icture of Queen Henrietta , copied from Vandyck , at Petworth , he is ludicrously introduced with a marmoset monkey on his shoulder , which he holds by a silk string .

CONTINENTAL GALLERY , 157 , NEW BOND-STREET , W . There has lately been exhibited a pleasing collection of water-colour drawings , the work of Mr . Reginald Jones . There are several of decided artistic merit worthy of notice , perhaps the most remarkable being No . 3 , " The Moated Grange—Well Hall , Eltham , " some fine effects of colour are seen .

At the same gallery there is a collection of modern British and Continental artists . Nos . 8 , " Waterloo , 1815 "—The Captive Eagle , by J . P . Beadle ; 9 A , "Our Gunners at Colenso , " b y the same artist , both of these are striking works ; 10 , " Canova modelling Magdalena , " by Achille Beltrame ; 18 , At Eventide—Bexhill-on-Sea . bv W . H . Rnrmu ,- ¦>¦ ,

" Dante—Scene in Purgatory , " by Alcide Campestrini ; 54 , " F . C . G . " at Work , by A . C . Gould ; 60 , Daybreak at Ostend , by E . Gunter ; 72 , Winter Landscape , by T . Lanikow . The few we have mentioned specially attracted our notice ; of course , there are many others worthy attention .

THE SAVOY THEATRE . Among the operas which have been revived of the late Bro . Sir Arthur Sullivan is " Patience , " which has had a renewed success during the last three months . Although the craze which it ridiculed at the time of its production is now quite out of date , yet the music is so fresh , and possesses such intrinsic merit , as still to have power to afford delight . The libretto , too , is very clever . The only one now of the original characters ! Q Mi «

Rosina Brandram as Lady Jane ; Misses Blanche Gaston Murray , Lulu Evans , and Agnes Fraser are the Rapturous Maidens . As the Dairymaid Patience , Miss Isabel Jay well sustained her part . The Fleshly and Idyllic Poets are personated by Walter Passmore and Henry A . Lytton . The choruses have been well and effectively trained . The melodies of " Silvered

is the raven hair , " " Prithee , pretty maiden , " the quaint ballad " The Magnet and the Churn , " were as effective as on the first night . We understand that the opera must shortly be withdrawn—we would advise intending visitors not to lose the present opportunity . There has been a new maize satin curtain , which has lately replaced the old one . Interesting details of its production are given in the notice accompanying the programme .

Mrs . Langtry has fixed Thursday , the 18 th April , for the opening of the renovated Imperial Theatre at Westminster , with the production of the new Marie Antoinette p lay— " A Royal Necklace , "